> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://astronomer.io/docs/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.
# Configure Airflow email notifications on Astro
Incorporating a notification framework is critical to the health of your data pipelines. In addition to [Astro alerts](/docs/astro/alerts), you can configure the following Apache Airflow notification types on Astro:
* Slack notifications
* SLAs
* Email notifications
* Custom callbacks and notifiers
Use this guide to integrate with an SMTP service to have Astro send email notifications whenever a task run fails. To configure Dag alerts for Slack and PagerDuty, see [Astro alerts](/docs/astro/alerts). For best practices and instructions on configuring other notifications in Airflow, including notifiers and custom callbacks, see [Manage Airflow Dag notifications](/docs/learn/error-notifications-in-airflow).
## Configure Airflow email notifications
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On Astro, setting up email notifications requires configuring an SMTP service for delivering each notification. You can use a single SMTP service for your Organization, but you must configure email notifications for each Deployment.
If your organization isn't using an SMTP service currently, Astronomer recommends one of the following:
* [SendGrid](https://sendgrid.com/)
* [Amazon SES](https://aws.amazon.com/ses/)
The following topics provide setup steps for integrating each of these external SMTP services on Astro, but any external SMTP service can be used.
### Integrate with SendGrid
[SendGrid](https://sendgrid.com/) is an email delivery service that you can use to configure Airflow notifications. A free SendGrid account grants users 40,000 free emails within the first 30 days of an account opening and 100 emails per day after that. This should be enough emails for most notification use cases.
1. [Create a SendGrid account](https://signup.sendgrid.com). Be prepared to disclose some standard information about yourself and your organization.
2. [Verify a Single Sender Identity](https://sendgrid.com/docs/ui/sending-email/sender-verification/). Because you're sending emails for only internal administrative purposes, a single sender identity is sufficient for integrating with Astro. The email address you verify here sends your Airflow notification emails.
3. Create a Sendgrid API key. In SendGrid, go to **Email API** > **Integration Guide**. Follow the steps to generate a new API key using SendGrid's Web API and cURL.
For more information, see [Sendgrid documentation](https://docs.sendgrid.com/ui/account-and-settings/api-keys#creating-an-api-key).
4. Skip the step for exporting your API key to your development environment. Instead, execute the generate cURL code directly in your command line, making sure to replace `$SENDGRID_API_KEY` in the `--header` field with your copied key.
5. Verify your integration in SendGrid to confirm that the key was activated. If you get an error indicating that SendGrid can't find the test email, try rerunning the cURL code in your terminal before retrying the verification.
6. Add the following line to the `requirements.txt` file of your Astro project to install the [SendGrid Airflow provider](https://airflow.apache.org/docs/apache-airflow-providers-sendgrid/stable/index.html):
```text wrap theme={null}
apache-airflow-providers-sendgrid
```
7. In the Astro UI, click **Environment** > **Environment Variables** > **New Environment Variable** to add the following environment variables. Select your workspace from the drop-down, and then add the following variables, one at a time:
| Environment variable key | Environment variable value |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
| `AIRFLOW__EMAIL__EMAIL_BACKEND` | `airflow.providers.sendgrid.utils.emailer.send_email` |
| `AIRFLOW__EMAIL__EMAIL_CONN_ID` | `smtp_default` |
| `SENDGRID_MAIL_FROM` | `` |
For more information about these environment variables, see [Send email using SendGrid](https://airflow.apache.org/docs/apache-airflow/stable/howto/email-config.html#send-email-using-sendgrid).
8. In the Airflow UI, [create an Airflow connection](https://airflow.apache.org/docs/apache-airflow/stable/howto/connection.html#creating-a-connection-with-the-ui) with the following values:
* **Connection ID**: `smtp_default`
* **Connection Type:**: `Email`
* **Host**: `smtp.sendgrid.net`
* **Login**: `apikey`
* **Password**: ``
* **Port**: `587`
9. Click **Save** to finalize your configuration.
10. To receive email notifications for task failures within a given Dag, configure the following values in the Dag's `default_args`:
```python wrap theme={null}
'email_on_failure': True,
'email': [''],
```
Repeat steps 7-10 for each Deployment where you want to configure Airflow notifications.
1. [Create a SendGrid account](https://signup.sendgrid.com). Be prepared to disclose some standard information about yourself and your organization.
2. [Verify a Single Sender Identity](https://sendgrid.com/docs/ui/sending-email/sender-verification/). Because you're sending emails for only internal administrative purposes, a single sender identity is sufficient for integrating with Astro. The email address you verify here sends your Airflow notification emails.
3. Create a Sendgrid API key. In SendGrid, go to **Email API** > **Integration Guide**. Follow the steps to generate a new API key using SendGrid's Web API and cURL.
For more information, see [Sendgrid documentation](https://docs.sendgrid.com/ui/account-and-settings/api-keys#creating-an-api-key).
4. Skip the step for exporting your API key to your development environment. Instead, execute the generate cURL code directly in your command line, making sure to replace `$SENDGRID_API_KEY` in the `--header` field with your copied key.
5. Verify your integration in SendGrid to confirm that the key was activated. If you get an error indicating that SendGrid can't find the test email, try rerunning the cURL code in your terminal before retrying the verification.
6. Add the following line to the `requirements.txt` file of your Astro project to install the [SendGrid Airflow provider](https://airflow.apache.org/docs/apache-airflow-providers-sendgrid/stable/index.html):
```text wrap theme={null}
apache-airflow-providers-sendgrid
```
7. In the Deployment view of the Astro UI, add the following environment variables
| Environment variable key | Environment variable value |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
| `AIRFLOW__EMAIL__EMAIL_BACKEND` | `airflow.providers.sendgrid.utils.emailer.send_email` |
| `AIRFLOW__EMAIL__EMAIL_CONN_ID` | `smtp_default` |
| `SENDGRID_MAIL_FROM` | `` |
For more information about these environment variables, see [Send email using SendGrid](https://airflow.apache.org/docs/apache-airflow/stable/howto/email-config.html#send-email-using-sendgrid).
8. In the Airflow UI, [create an Airflow connection](https://airflow.apache.org/docs/apache-airflow/stable/howto/connection.html#creating-a-connection-with-the-ui) with the following values:
* **Connection ID**: `smtp_default`
* **Connection Type:**: `Email`
* **Host**: `smtp.sendgrid.net`
* **Login**: `apikey`
* **Password**: ``
* **Port**: `587`
9. Click **Save** to finalize your configuration.
10. To receive email notifications for task failures within a given Dag, configure the following values in the Dag's `default_args`:
```python wrap theme={null}
'email_on_failure': True,
'email': [''],
```
Repeat steps 7-10 for each Deployment where you want to configure Airflow notifications.
### Integrate with Amazon SES
Use your existing Amazon SES instance to send Airflow notifications by email.
1. Sign in to the AWS Management Console and open the [Amazon SES console](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ses/).
2. Click the menu icon and then click **Verified Identities**.
3. Optional. Complete one of the following tasks:
* To confirm the email account is working and the Amazon SES service can send emails to it, click an email address in the **Identity** column and then click **Send test email**. When the owner of the email address receives the test email, they need to select the validation link in the email.
* To add a new email address, click **Create Identity**, add the email address, and then click **Create Identity**.
For email notifications, Astronomer recommends using one email address as the sender and a second email address as the recipient. All email addresses must be verified.
For more information about configuring Amazon SES, read [Creating an email address identity](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/ses/latest/dg/creating-identities.html#:~:text=of%20those%20Regions.-,Creating%20an%20email%20address%20identity,-Complete%20the%20following) and [Verifying an email address identity](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/ses/latest/dg/creating-identities.html#:~:text=address%20identity.-,Verifying%20an%20email%20address%20identity,-After%20you%E2%80%99ve%20created) in the Amazon documentation.
4. Click **Account dashboard**.
5. In the **Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) settings** pane, copy the value displayed below **SMTP endpoint**.
6. Obtain your Amazon SES SMTP credentials:
* Click **Create SMTP credentials** in the **Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) settings** pane.
* Enter a name for your SMTP user in the **IAM User Name** field or accept the default value.
* Click **Create** and then **Show User SMTP Security Credentials**.
* Click **Download Credentials** or copy them and store them in a safe place.
* Click **Close Window**.
7. In the Astro UI, click **Environment** > **Environment Variables** > click on the variable you want to edit, and then click **Edit**. Select your workspace from the drop-down, and then add the following variables, one at a time:
| Environment variable key | Environment variable value |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- |
| `AIRFLOW__SMTP__SMTP_HOST` | Enter the value you copied in step 5 |
| `AIRFLOW__SMTP__SMTP_STARTTLS` | Enter `True` |
| `AIRFLOW__SMTP__SMTP_SSL` | Enter `False` |
| `AIRFLOW__SMTP__SMTP_USER` | Enter the value you copied in step 6 |
| `AIRFLOW__SMTP__SMTP_PASSWORD` | Enter the value you copied in step 6 |
| `AIRFLOW__SMTP__SMTP_PORT` | Enter `587` |
| `AIRFLOW__SMTP__SMTP_MAIL_FROM` | Enter your from email |
| `AIRFLOW__EMAIL__EMAIL_BACKEND` | Enter `airflow.utils.email.send_email_smtp` |
See [Set environment variables on Astro](/docs/astro/environment-variables).
8. To begin receiving Airflow notifications by email for task failures within a given Dag, configure the following values in the Dag's `default_args`:
```python wrap theme={null}
'email_on_failure': True,
'email': [''],
```
Repeat steps 7-8 for each Deployment in which you want to configure Airflow notifications.
1. Sign in to the AWS Management Console and open the [Amazon SES console](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ses/).
2. Click the menu icon and then click **Verified Identities**.
3. Optional. Complete one of the following tasks:
* To confirm the email account is working and the Amazon SES service can send emails to it, click an email address in the **Identity** column and then click **Send test email**. When the owner of the email address receives the test email, they need to select the validation link in the email.
* To add a new email address, click **Create Identity**, add the email address, and then click **Create Identity**.
For email notifications, Astronomer recommends using one email address as the sender and a second email address as the recipient. All email addresses must be verified.
For more information about configuring Amazon SES, read [Creating an email address identity](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/ses/latest/dg/creating-identities.html#:~:text=of%20those%20Regions.-,Creating%20an%20email%20address%20identity,-Complete%20the%20following) and [Verifying an email address identity](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/ses/latest/dg/creating-identities.html#:~:text=address%20identity.-,Verifying%20an%20email%20address%20identity,-After%20you%E2%80%99ve%20created) in the Amazon documentation.
4. Click **Account dashboard**.
5. In the **Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) settings** pane, copy the value displayed below **SMTP endpoint**.
6. Obtain your Amazon SES SMTP credentials:
* Click **Create SMTP credentials** in the **Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) settings** pane.
* Enter a name for your SMTP user in the **IAM User Name** field or accept the default value.
* Click **Create** and then **Show User SMTP Security Credentials**.
* Click **Download Credentials** or copy them and store them in a safe place.
* Click **Close Window**.
7. In the Astro UI, select a Workspace, click **Deployments**, and then select a Deployment.
8. In the environment variables area, click **Edit Deployment Variables** (or **+ New Environment Variable** if you have no variables configured yet) and add the following environment variables:
| Environment variable key | Environment variable value |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- |
| `AIRFLOW__SMTP__SMTP_HOST` | Enter the value you copied in step 5 |
| `AIRFLOW__SMTP__SMTP_STARTTLS` | Enter `True` |
| `AIRFLOW__SMTP__SMTP_SSL` | Enter `False` |
| `AIRFLOW__SMTP__SMTP_USER` | Enter the value you copied in step 6 |
| `AIRFLOW__SMTP__SMTP_PASSWORD` | Enter the value you copied in step 6 |
| `AIRFLOW__SMTP__SMTP_PORT` | Enter `587` |
| `AIRFLOW__SMTP__SMTP_MAIL_FROM` | Enter your from email |
| `AIRFLOW__EMAIL__EMAIL_BACKEND` | Enter `airflow.utils.email.send_email_smtp` |
See [Set environment variables on Astro](/docs/astro/environment-variables).
9. To begin receiving Airflow notifications by email for task failures within a given Dag, configure the following values in the Dag's `default_args`:
```python wrap theme={null}
'email_on_failure': True,
'email': [''],
```
Repeat steps 7-9 for each Deployment in which you want to configure Airflow notifications.